不同折流板结构螺旋折流板换热器传热性能的比较(英文)

Numerical simulations were performed on flow and heat transfer performances of heat exchangers having six helical baffles of different baffle shapes and assembly configurations, i.e., two trisection baffle schemes, two quadrant baffle schemes, and two continuous helical baffle schemes. The temperature contour or the pressure contour and velocity contour plots with superimposed velocity vectors on meridian, transverse and unfolded concentric hexagonal slices are presented to obtain a full angular view. For the six helix baffled heat exchangers, the different patterns of the single vortex secondary flow and the shortcut leakage flow were depicted as wel as the heat transfer properties were compared. The results show that the optimum scheme among the six configurations is a circumferential overlap trisection helix baffled heat exchanger with a baffle incline angle of 20° (20°TCO) scheme with an anti-shortcut baffle structure, which exhibits the second highest pressure dropΔpo, the highest overal heat transfer coefficient K, shel-side heat transfer coefficient ho and shel-side average comprehensive index ho/Δpo.     

Diet composition and overlap for adult walleye,lake whitefish,and yellow perch in Green Bay,Lake Michigan

Interspecific interactions among walleye Sander vitreus, lake whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis, and yellow perch Perca flavescens in Green Bay could influence the population status of each species, but potential trophic interactions are poorly understood. Our objectives were to determine if diet assemblages for each species and diet overlap among species varied spatially and temporally within Green Bay. Adult walleye (≥381 mm total length (TL); N = 981), lake whitefish (≥432 mm TL; N = 1507), and yellow perch (≥150 mm TL; N = 1174) were collected during May-October of 2018 and 2019 from multiple locations in southern and northern Green Bay. Diet assemblages of each species varied between northern and southern Green Bay, but walleye diets were more temporally variable (among months within zones and between years) than diets of lake whitefish or yellow perch. Lake whitefish represented a seasonally important prey item for walleye in southern Green Bay, composing 10 % and 41 % of walleye diets by weight in May and June, respectively. Yellow perch generally composed <15 % of walleye diets by weight but were consumed at a broader spatiotemporal scale than lake whitefish. Diet overlap between walleye and both lake whitefish and yellow perch was generally weak or moderate, whereas diet overlap between whitefish and perch was generally strong. Our assessment of adult trophic interactions suggests that changes in the population status of one species could influence fisheries for all three, and we identify additional research questions to address potential population-level effects of these trophic interactions.     

大坡度俯采综放面采煤技术及设备管理研究与实践

为解决平朔井工三矿大坡度俯采条件下34201综放工作面所面临的技术难题, 本文通过改进装煤、推移前部刮板运输机、收后部运输机、转载机防滑以及回采技术管理,对回采过程中存在的问题进行技术分析,多项措施综合运用,成功实现了综放工作面安全大坡度俯采,最大限度地回收和开发了煤炭资源,减少设备损耗,为类似地质条件下的煤层开采提供了借鉴经验.     

基于DSP的科氏流量计变送器设计及算法验证

科氏流量计已在很多领域得到广泛应用,但仍存在着精度较低、价格高昂、技术垄断等问题,而科氏流量计的关键在于变送器。为此,提出了一种变送器设计方案,分别从功能、硬件和软件等方面进行阐述,实现了一种基于改进的自适应格型陷波器和重叠短汉宁窗滑动DTFT的信号处理方法。通过测频和测相实验,与DFT法进行了比较分析;通过流量测量实验,与某款国产变送器进行了比较分析。实验表明,自制流量计精度有所提高,实时性良好,频率估计误差在0.02‰以内,相位差估计误差在0.8‰以内,流量测量误差在1.8‰以内,能在0.96 ms内给出测量结果。     

抗体重链轻链可变区连接条件的优化

采用重叠延伸PCR(SOE-PCR)法拼接VH、Linker、VL,优化了SOE-PCR中模板量、引物量、退火温度及DNA聚合酶量。确定了优化的连接条件为:50μL反应体系中,SfiI-VH-Linker-232ng,Linker+-VL-NotI 200ng,于64.8℃退火,7个循环后,各加入上下游引物1.5μL(10μmol·L-1),再另加PrimeSTAR HS DNA Polymerase 0.5μL,于62.0℃退火,扩增25个循环。在改进后的连接条件下,可获得高纯度、高丰度的扩增产物,利于抗体库的多样性。     

微结构低重叠度大范围三维拼接方法

针对微结构大范围无损测试问题,提出了一种低 重叠度的三维结构拼接方法。首先基于实验参数将结构特征提 取区域限制在测量过程中的重叠区域,以减少误匹配出现的可能性并提高计算效率;在上述 区域内,通过SIFT(scale-invariant feature transform)算法进行特征 点提取;在特征点匹配阶段,根据测量系统参数进一步提出缩小匹配点对搜索范围的方法以 提高特征点匹配可靠性;最后以 重叠区域的局部连续性为依据,计算校正矩阵以校正测量过程中环境扰动带来的拼接结构错 动。实验中,将本方法与目前商业设 备的拼接测量功能进行了对比。实验表明,本文方法不但适用于特征丰富的结构,也适用于 相似度高的阵列性结构,可在重叠度为6%时实现有效拼接。     

时间三光路甲基对硫磷光声光谱法检测研究

介绍了光声光谱检测的原理,提出了时间三光路检测甲基对硫磷的方法,通过3个滤光片交替工作后得到3个光声信号进行加权处理,克服了传统单光路检测中光谱重叠造成的交叉敏感的缺点,建立了时间三光路检测的数学模型,设计了光声光谱检测的实验平台,并把测量数据进行了分析和比较,确定了该方法的可行性与准确性。     

Al2O3 loss prediction model of selective laser melting Al2O3–Al composite

The element/phase loss is undesirable but existing during selective laser melting (SLM) of materials with volatile element/phase, which not only changes the material composition but also affects the molten pool flow. In the previous researches, the effect of remelting on the element/phase loss was neglected during the SLM process, instead, laser energy density was thought to be uppermost. In fact, the SLM process fabricates the parts in a manner of line by line and layer by layer, i.e., additive character, and the remelting in the overlap zone occurs during the SLM process. In this paper, three different Al₂O₃ loss prediction models of SLM Al₂O₃–Al composite by considering the additive character of SLM and the distribution of the Al₂O₃ associated with the different molten pool driving forces were developed. By comparing with the experimental results and predicted results, it is found that the Al₂O₃ is distributed on both sides of the molten pool under the combined action of the Marangoni flow and the evaporation recoil pressure. This kind of Al₂O₃ distribution enhances the effect of the remelting on the Al₂O₃ loss, i.e., the remelting brings a logarithmic increase in the Al₂O₃ loss rate. This determines the final Al₂O₃ loss rate of the SLMed 3D samples. During this study, although the Al₂O₃ loss rate of the single-track is only 33%, the loss rate of SLMed 3D samples increases significantly to 97% when the hatching space of 60 μm and scanning speed of 200 mm/s are utilized, i.e., almost no Al₂O₃ in the 3D sample. Thus, it is more important to reduce the remelting, i.e., overlap rate for reducing the element/phase loss. This study is a benefit for understanding and reducing the element/phase loss in SLM.     

模糊控制在酯化反应中的应用

采用PLC设计了一种基于模糊控制的物料升温系统,克服了由于升温过快造成产品不舍格的缺点,提高了生产效率和产品质量。     

The significance of the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo Convention) in international environmental law: examining the implications of the Danube Delta case

The Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, providing for a concrete framework of procedural regulation on environmentally harmful activities, has several features and is one of the most progressive multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs). This convention may offset some of the limits of substantial regulation and strengthen procedural regulation in various respects where an activity, to which the convention applies, is also regulated by other MEAs. The Danube Delta case concerning the Bystroe Canal project of Ukraine may be one such precedent. This convention takes several distinctive functions, derived from the features, in the complex interaction of the management processes under five MEAs and the UNESCO MAB Programme, as well as by the European Commission. This gives us some hints of an answer regarding some questions on overlap between different MEAs.